GitLab CI 多阶段构建与缓存/工件管理实践

.gitlab-ci.yml 示例：stages:

- build

- test

- deploy

default:

image: node:20-alpine

cache:

key: "v1-$CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG"

paths:

- node_modules/

- build/

policy: pull-push

variables:

NODE_ENV: production

build:

stage: build

script:

- npm ci

- npm run build

artifacts:

paths:

- build/

expire_in: 1 week

test:

stage: test

script:

- npm run test -- --ci

dependencies:

- build

deploy:

stage: deploy

rules:

- if: "$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == 'main'"

script:

- echo Deploying

dependencies:

- build