Kubernetes Requests Limits 与 HPA 配置指南

Kubernetes Requests/Limits 与 HPA 配置指南基本概念CPU 以核为单位，使用毫核标记（如 `500m` 表示 0.5 核）。内存以字节为单位，常用 `Mi/Gi`（如 `512Mi`）。`requests` 决定调度与保障下限；`limits` 约束上限并可能触发限制或 OOM。资源与探针示例（Deployment 节选）resources: requests: cpu: "500m" memory: "512Mi" limits: cpu: "1" memory: "1Gi" readinessProbe: httpGet: path: /healthz port: 8080 initialDelaySeconds: 5 periodSeconds: 10 livenessProbe: httpGet: path: /livez port: 8080 initialDelaySeconds: 10 periodSeconds: 20 HPA v2 示例（基于 CPU 利用率）apiVersion: autoscaling/v2 kind: HorizontalPodAutoscaler metadata: name: my-app-hpa spec: scaleTargetRef: apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment name: my-app minReplicas: 2 maxReplicas: 10 metrics: - type: Resource resource: name: cpu target: type: Utilization averageUtilization: 60 验证清单确认 `metrics-server` 正常工作：`kubectl get deployment -n kube-system metrics-server`。使用 `kubectl top pods` 与 HPA 状态（`kubectl describe hpa`）观察伸缩行为。