OPA Gatekeeper 准入控制与策略治理实践

概览与核心价值Gatekeeper 基于 OPA 提供 Kubernetes 准入控制与策略治理能力。通过 ConstraintTemplate 与 Constraint 可在集群层面统一实施安全与规范。规则示例：要求资源必须设置 Requests/LimitsapiVersion: templates.gatekeeper.sh/v1beta1 kind: ConstraintTemplate metadata: name: k8sresourcelimits spec: crd: spec: names: kind: K8sResourceLimits targets: - target: admission.k8s.gatekeeper.sh rego: | package k8sresourcelimits violation[{ "msg": msg, "details": {}} ] { input.review.kind.kind == "Deployment" some i c := input.review.object.spec.template.spec.containers[i] not c.resources msg := "containers must set resources.requests and resources.limits" } apiVersion: constraints.gatekeeper.sh/v1beta1 kind: K8sResourceLimits metadata: name: require-limits spec: match: kinds: - apiGroups: ["apps"] kinds: ["Deployment"] 参数与验证环境：`Kubernetes v1.28`、`Gatekeeper v3.13+`。验证点：未设置资源的 Deployment 被拒绝创建设置 requests/limits 后资源可成功创建最佳实践自顶向下实施规范：命名、标签、镜像来源、配额与安全上下文分环境差异化匹配：通过 `match` 控制命名空间与资源类型规则版本化与审计：将模板与约束纳入代码仓库管理结论通过 Gatekeeper 的准入控制与策略治理，可在集群层面统一执行规范，降低漂移与安全风险，规则可验证与可审计。